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adp standard  (MedChemExpress)


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    MedChemExpress adp standard
    Adp Standard, supplied by MedChemExpress, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 94/100, based on 4 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
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    Coagulation:

    Article Title: Bleeding patients on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation have reduced platelet aggregation and plasma fibrinogen: a longitudinal observational study.
    Article Snippet: AUC area under the curve, ADP adenosine diphosphate, ASPI arachidonic acid induced aggregation, TRAP thrombinreceptor-agonist-peptide-6, CT clotting time, MCF maximum clot firmness, MAXVEL maximum velocity, t-MAXVEL time to MAXVEL, MCE maximum clot elasticity, INR international normalized ratio, APTT activated partial thrombin time, TAT thrombin–antithrombin complex. .. AUC area under the curve, ADP adenosine diphosphate, ASPI arachidonic acid induced aggregation, TRAP thrombinreceptor-agonist-peptide-6, CT clotting time, MCF maximum clot firmness, MAXVEL maximum velocity, t-MAXVEL time to MAXVEL, MCE maximum clot elasticity, INR international normalized ratio, APTT activated partial thrombin time, TAT thrombin–antithrombin complex. .. Bleeding n = 42 No bleeding n = 58 p-value Multiplate*, AUC, all patients (78 healthy controls) ADP (870 [740–998] AU*min) 159 (86–336) 367 (170–584) < 0.001 ASPI (1069 [961–1178] AU*min) 162 (96–399) 438 (180–605) < 0.001 TRAP (1330 [1210–1463] AU*min) 530 (247–813) 698 (465–1046) 0.01 Multiplate*, AUC, Statistical analyses performed without patients with platelet count < 100 × 109/L and treated with platelet inhibitors ADP (807 [740–998] AU*min) 216 (143–378)n = 14 449 (365–656) n = 31 < 0.001 ASPI (1069 [961–1178] AU*min) 373 (167–443)n = 15 576 (452–819) n = 29 < 0.001 TRAP (1330 [1210–1463] AU*min) 640 (355–889)n = 19 803 (541–1099) n = 29 0.10 ROTEM EXTEM* (reference interval) CT (38–79 s) 82 (70–99) 85 (74–97) 0.64 MAXVEL (2–22 mm/s) 10 (8–13) 16 (10–19) < 0.001 t-MAXVEL (48–154 s) 140 (112–171) 124 (104–165) 0.36 MCF (50–72 mm) 56 (51–62) 63 (57–69) < 0.001 ROTEM INTEM* CT (100–240 s) 225 (202–256) 203 (172–232) 0.02 MAXVEL (11–25 mm/s) 11 (8–14) 14 (11–19) < 0.01 t-MAXVEL (147–223 s) 258 (228–295) 232 (205–268) 0.04 MCF (50–72 mm) 57 (51–62) 63 (56–67) < 0.01 ROTEM FIBTEM* MCF (9–25 mm) 12 (8–18) 18 (11–25) 0.047 ROTEM HEPTEM* CT, s 202 (173–237) 191 (172–227) 0.30 ROTEM platelet MCE 112 (91–138) 155 (117–192) < 0.01 Coagulation and thrombin generation parameters Platelet count (145–400 × 109/L) 134 (69–174) 152 (104–210) 0.04 INR (< 1.2) 1.5 (1.3–1.7) 1.4 (1.2–2.1 0.59 Antithrombin (80–120%) 60 (48–78) 70 (60–82) 0.02 Fibrinogen (187–408 mg/dL) 221 (160–340) 306 (241–449) < 0.01 APTT (20–29 s) 50 (33–68) 40 (33–50) 0.07 D-dimer (< 0.80 mg/L FEU) 10.7 (4.3–19) 7.2 (3.1–17.1) 0.25 TAT (≤ 13 µg/L) 19.7 (9.9–53.2) 15.8 (9.5–32.9) 0.34 Transfusion, day 1, mL Red blood cells 600 (282–1536) 0 (0–300) < 0.0001 Fresh frozen plasma 0 (0–900) 0 (0–0) < 0.01 Platelet concentrate 0 (0–440) 0 (0–0) < 0.001 9 Vol.



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    a , b , pMEK1-catalyzed dephosphorylation of pY-ERK1. In <t>an</t> <t>ATP-,</t> <t>ADP-,</t> or AMP-PNP-containing buffer, or a nucleotide-free buffer, pY-ERK1 was incubated with various concentrations of pMEK1 at 30, after 3 minutes, the phosphorylation of ERK1 T202 and Y204 was evaluated using Western blotting ( a ) and quantified ( b ). c , d , pMEK1-catalyzed dephosphorylation of pTY-ERK1. In an ADP- or AMP-PNP-containing buffer, or a nucleotide-free buffer, pTY-ERK1 was incubated with pMEK1 at 30. At each time point, the phosphorylation of ERK1 T202 and Y204 was evaluated using Western blotting ( c ) and quantified ( d ). e , f , Effect of mutations of the nucleotide-binding pocket of MEK1 on the activity of pMEK1 to catalyze phosphate group transfer from ERK1 Y204 to T202. In a nucleotide-free buffer, pY-ERK1 was incubated with wild-type (WT) or mutant pMEK1 at 30, and then the phosphorylation of ERK1 T202 and Y204 was evaluated using Western blotting ( e ) and quantified ( f ). The gels in ( a ), ( c ) and ( e ) are the results of a representative experiment out of three independent experiments. The data in ( b ), ( d ) and ( f ) represent the mean ± SD of three independent measurements.
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    a , b , pMEK1-catalyzed dephosphorylation of pY-ERK1. In an ATP-, ADP-, or AMP-PNP-containing buffer, or a nucleotide-free buffer, pY-ERK1 was incubated with various concentrations of pMEK1 at 30, after 3 minutes, the phosphorylation of ERK1 T202 and Y204 was evaluated using Western blotting ( a ) and quantified ( b ). c , d , pMEK1-catalyzed dephosphorylation of pTY-ERK1. In an ADP- or AMP-PNP-containing buffer, or a nucleotide-free buffer, pTY-ERK1 was incubated with pMEK1 at 30. At each time point, the phosphorylation of ERK1 T202 and Y204 was evaluated using Western blotting ( c ) and quantified ( d ). e , f , Effect of mutations of the nucleotide-binding pocket of MEK1 on the activity of pMEK1 to catalyze phosphate group transfer from ERK1 Y204 to T202. In a nucleotide-free buffer, pY-ERK1 was incubated with wild-type (WT) or mutant pMEK1 at 30, and then the phosphorylation of ERK1 T202 and Y204 was evaluated using Western blotting ( e ) and quantified ( f ). The gels in ( a ), ( c ) and ( e ) are the results of a representative experiment out of three independent experiments. The data in ( b ), ( d ) and ( f ) represent the mean ± SD of three independent measurements.

    Journal: bioRxiv

    Article Title: Mechanistic insight into the phosphorylation of ERK by MEK

    doi: 10.64898/2026.03.13.710243

    Figure Lengend Snippet: a , b , pMEK1-catalyzed dephosphorylation of pY-ERK1. In an ATP-, ADP-, or AMP-PNP-containing buffer, or a nucleotide-free buffer, pY-ERK1 was incubated with various concentrations of pMEK1 at 30, after 3 minutes, the phosphorylation of ERK1 T202 and Y204 was evaluated using Western blotting ( a ) and quantified ( b ). c , d , pMEK1-catalyzed dephosphorylation of pTY-ERK1. In an ADP- or AMP-PNP-containing buffer, or a nucleotide-free buffer, pTY-ERK1 was incubated with pMEK1 at 30. At each time point, the phosphorylation of ERK1 T202 and Y204 was evaluated using Western blotting ( c ) and quantified ( d ). e , f , Effect of mutations of the nucleotide-binding pocket of MEK1 on the activity of pMEK1 to catalyze phosphate group transfer from ERK1 Y204 to T202. In a nucleotide-free buffer, pY-ERK1 was incubated with wild-type (WT) or mutant pMEK1 at 30, and then the phosphorylation of ERK1 T202 and Y204 was evaluated using Western blotting ( e ) and quantified ( f ). The gels in ( a ), ( c ) and ( e ) are the results of a representative experiment out of three independent experiments. The data in ( b ), ( d ) and ( f ) represent the mean ± SD of three independent measurements.

    Article Snippet: ATP, ADP (Selleck, Cat# S6325, 100 mM stock in H 2 O) and AMP-PNP (Sigma, Cat# A2647, 100 mM stock in H 2 O) were each prepared as a 4× stock in the reaction buffer.

    Techniques: De-Phosphorylation Assay, Incubation, Phospho-proteomics, Western Blot, Binding Assay, Activity Assay, Mutagenesis

    a , Summary of the dissociation constants ( K d ) for the binding between MEK1 (uMEK1 or pMEK1) and ERK1 (uERK1 or thio-pTY-ERK1) in the absence or presence of ADP or AMP-PNP. The K d values were measured using Isothermal Titration Calorimetry (ITC). b , Cycle of the pMEK1-catalyzed ERK1 phosphorylation reaction. In addition to the canonical sequential mechanism for pMEK1 (where Y204 and T202 are phosphorylated sequentially by ATP), we proposed a relay mechanism to explain the phosphorylation process of ERK1 T202: Y204 is phosphorylated first, its phosphate group is then transferred to T202, and Y204 is phosphorylated again by ATP to generate dual-phosphorylated ERK1.

    Journal: bioRxiv

    Article Title: Mechanistic insight into the phosphorylation of ERK by MEK

    doi: 10.64898/2026.03.13.710243

    Figure Lengend Snippet: a , Summary of the dissociation constants ( K d ) for the binding between MEK1 (uMEK1 or pMEK1) and ERK1 (uERK1 or thio-pTY-ERK1) in the absence or presence of ADP or AMP-PNP. The K d values were measured using Isothermal Titration Calorimetry (ITC). b , Cycle of the pMEK1-catalyzed ERK1 phosphorylation reaction. In addition to the canonical sequential mechanism for pMEK1 (where Y204 and T202 are phosphorylated sequentially by ATP), we proposed a relay mechanism to explain the phosphorylation process of ERK1 T202: Y204 is phosphorylated first, its phosphate group is then transferred to T202, and Y204 is phosphorylated again by ATP to generate dual-phosphorylated ERK1.

    Article Snippet: ATP, ADP (Selleck, Cat# S6325, 100 mM stock in H 2 O) and AMP-PNP (Sigma, Cat# A2647, 100 mM stock in H 2 O) were each prepared as a 4× stock in the reaction buffer.

    Techniques: Binding Assay, Isothermal Titration Calorimetry, Phospho-proteomics

    a , Purified unphosphorylated (uERK1), phosphorylated (pY-ERK1 and pTY-ERK1), and thio-phosphorylated ERK1 (thio-pTY-ERK1) were examined by SDS–PAGE and visualized by Coomassie blue staining. b , Comparison of the ATP consumption rate of thio-pTY-ERK1 with those of uERK1, pY-ERK1, and pTY-ERK1. The ATP consumption was measured using an ADP-Glo Kinase Assay. The MBP peptide FFKNIVTPRTPPPSQGK was used as the substrate of ERK1. The data represent the mean ± SD of three independent measurements. c , d , pMEK1-catalyzed dephosphorylation of pTY-ERK1 ( c ) and thio-pTY-ERK1 ( d ) in an ADP-containing buffer. The percentage of ERK1 in different phosphorylation states was determined by LC-MS.

    Journal: bioRxiv

    Article Title: Mechanistic insight into the phosphorylation of ERK by MEK

    doi: 10.64898/2026.03.13.710243

    Figure Lengend Snippet: a , Purified unphosphorylated (uERK1), phosphorylated (pY-ERK1 and pTY-ERK1), and thio-phosphorylated ERK1 (thio-pTY-ERK1) were examined by SDS–PAGE and visualized by Coomassie blue staining. b , Comparison of the ATP consumption rate of thio-pTY-ERK1 with those of uERK1, pY-ERK1, and pTY-ERK1. The ATP consumption was measured using an ADP-Glo Kinase Assay. The MBP peptide FFKNIVTPRTPPPSQGK was used as the substrate of ERK1. The data represent the mean ± SD of three independent measurements. c , d , pMEK1-catalyzed dephosphorylation of pTY-ERK1 ( c ) and thio-pTY-ERK1 ( d ) in an ADP-containing buffer. The percentage of ERK1 in different phosphorylation states was determined by LC-MS.

    Article Snippet: ATP, ADP (Selleck, Cat# S6325, 100 mM stock in H 2 O) and AMP-PNP (Sigma, Cat# A2647, 100 mM stock in H 2 O) were each prepared as a 4× stock in the reaction buffer.

    Techniques: Purification, SDS Page, Staining, Comparison, Kinase Assay, De-Phosphorylation Assay, Phospho-proteomics, Liquid Chromatography with Mass Spectroscopy

    A, Extension of a 20-mer RNA substrate oligo (oligo 1) using rTENT4B and ATP analogs demonstrating differential incorporation. (AMP: Adenosine-5’-monophosphate; ADP: Adenosine-5’-diphosphate; ATP: Adenosine-5’-triphosphate. n=3 replicates, one representative shown. B, Utilization of nucleotide diphosphates (NDPs) by rTENT4B. rTENT4B along with a 20-mer RNA-substrate oligo (oligo 2) was incubated in the presence of four canonical NDPs, in RNA-substrate extension assays, and reaction products were resolved using denaturing TBE/Urea-acrylamide gel followed by Sybr gold staining. C , rTENT4B was incubated with four canonical NDPs plus 5’-Cy5-labeled ATP as substrate. NDP incorporation was confirmed via detecting generation of Cy5-labeled RNA chains after 30 min in no RNA-substrate added reactions. D , De novo ADP polymerization using rTENT4B. rTENT4B along with increasing concentrations of ADP was subjected to RNA-substrate extension assay in the absence of an RNA-substrate, and generation of de novo synthesized RNA products were detected using denaturing TBE/Urea-acrylamide gel followed by Sybr gold staining. E , Consumption of ADP by rTENT4B via analysis of Pi yield, in the presence/ absence of inorganic pyrophosphatase (PPA) as a measure of ATP contamination (ADP + Pi), in the presence/absence of an RNA-substrate oligo, compared to that of rTENT4B alone versus rTENT4B plus ATP. n=4 biological replicates. Mean + S.D. shown, 2-way ANOVA, ns- not significant, ****p<0.001.

    Journal: bioRxiv

    Article Title: Primer- and template-independent RNA polymerization by terminal nucleotidyltransferase TENT4B

    doi: 10.64898/2026.03.05.709691

    Figure Lengend Snippet: A, Extension of a 20-mer RNA substrate oligo (oligo 1) using rTENT4B and ATP analogs demonstrating differential incorporation. (AMP: Adenosine-5’-monophosphate; ADP: Adenosine-5’-diphosphate; ATP: Adenosine-5’-triphosphate. n=3 replicates, one representative shown. B, Utilization of nucleotide diphosphates (NDPs) by rTENT4B. rTENT4B along with a 20-mer RNA-substrate oligo (oligo 2) was incubated in the presence of four canonical NDPs, in RNA-substrate extension assays, and reaction products were resolved using denaturing TBE/Urea-acrylamide gel followed by Sybr gold staining. C , rTENT4B was incubated with four canonical NDPs plus 5’-Cy5-labeled ATP as substrate. NDP incorporation was confirmed via detecting generation of Cy5-labeled RNA chains after 30 min in no RNA-substrate added reactions. D , De novo ADP polymerization using rTENT4B. rTENT4B along with increasing concentrations of ADP was subjected to RNA-substrate extension assay in the absence of an RNA-substrate, and generation of de novo synthesized RNA products were detected using denaturing TBE/Urea-acrylamide gel followed by Sybr gold staining. E , Consumption of ADP by rTENT4B via analysis of Pi yield, in the presence/ absence of inorganic pyrophosphatase (PPA) as a measure of ATP contamination (ADP + Pi), in the presence/absence of an RNA-substrate oligo, compared to that of rTENT4B alone versus rTENT4B plus ATP. n=4 biological replicates. Mean + S.D. shown, 2-way ANOVA, ns- not significant, ****p<0.001.

    Article Snippet: ATP- Adenosine-5’-triphosphate (N0450, New England Biolabs) ADP- Adenosine-5’-diphosphate (NU-1198, Jena Bioscience) AMP- Adenosine-5’-monophosphate (A1752, Sigma) GTP- Guanosine-5’-triphosphate (N0450, New England Biolabs) GDP- Guanosine-5’-diphosphate (G7127, Sigma) CTP- Cytidine-5’-triphosphate (N0450, New England Biolabs) CDP- Cytidine-5’-diphosphate (C9755, Sigma) UTP- Uridine-5’-triphosphate (N0450, New England Biolabs) UDP- Uridine-5’-diphosphate (94330, Sigma) Cy5-ATP- γ-(6-Aminohexyl)-ATP-Cy5- (NU-833-CY5, Jena Bioscience) Cy5-GTP- γ-(6-Aminohexyl)-GTP-Cy5- (NU-834-CY5, Jena Bioscience)

    Techniques: Incubation, Acrylamide Gel Assay, Staining, Labeling, Synthesized